Lipid storage by adipose tissue macrophages regulates systemic glucose tolerance.

Role of Inflammation in Diet-Induced Obesity: A Dissertation

Obesity results from expansion of white adipose tissue. The inability of white adipose tissue to adequately store lipids leads to ectopic deposition of lipids in non-adipose tissue that can lead to systemic insulin resistance. It is well known that insulin resistance correlates with inflammation of adipose tissue in obese animals and humans. Decreasing inflammation in the adipose tissue has bee...

ABCA1 in adipocytes regulates adipose tissue lipid content, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity Abbreviated title: Adipocyte ABCA1 regulates glucose tolerance

Adipocyte-specific Hypoxia-inducible gene 2 promotes fat deposition and diet-induced insulin resistance☆

OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue relies on lipid droplet (LD) proteins in its role as a lipid-storing endocrine organ that controls whole body metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible Gene 2 (Hig2) is a recently identified LD-associated protein in hepatocytes that promotes hepatic lipid storage, but its role in the adipocyte had not been investigated. Here we tested the hypothesis that Hig2 localization to LDs in...

Induced adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy in mice lacking the AMP-activated protein kinase-alpha2 subunit.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is considered as a cellular energy sensor that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism by phosphorylating key regulatory enzymes. Despite the major role of adipose tissue in regulating energy partitioning in the organism, the role of AMPK in this tissue has not been addressed. In the present study, we subjected AMPKalpha2 knockout (KO) mice to a high-fat diet ...

Novel mechanisms by which fat cells regulate systemic insulin sensitivity and diabetes risk

The adipose cell functions as an endocrine organ in addition to its role in energy storage. Adipocytes secrete hormones, cytokines and other factors that influence energy balance, glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity and vascular biology through effects in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. In humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes, expression of the Glut4 glucose transport...